Conversion and Superposition of Optical Stokes Skyrmion Topologies

Optical skyrmions are topological quasiparticles with non-trivial textures. In this study, we successfully achieve the conversion of optical skyrmions among Néel, Bloch, intermediate skyrmions, and bimerons using polarization devices. Furthermore, our investigation into the superposition of different skyrmions reveals fusion and annihilation of topological structures. These results enhance our comprehension of optical topological quasiparticles, which could have a significant impact on the transfer, storage, and communication of optical information.