Study of the Multi-parameter Influence of Wind Waves and Swell Waves Based on GNSS Bistatic Scattering Model

GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) bistatic scattering model, which plays a significant role in remote sensing such as inversion of large-scale sea surface height, sea surface object locating and tracing, research of multiple phenomena of ocean impacting on the GNSS signals and other aspects, will be mainly discussed. In this paper, we innovatively make research about the jointed parameters such as directionality variables and wind speed on the basis of swell impacting on DDMs (Delay-Doppler Maps) and time delay waveforms, analyzing the reasons for different results. Aiming to investigate the influence of ocean phenomena on the sea surface bistatic scattering power and DDMs, swell component was chosen to be as influencing factors affecting the DDMs and waveform. For the wind waves, under the condition of different wind speeds, the DDM peak power will change, which indicates the fact that the high wind speed will lead to the increase of the MSS (Mean Square Slope) of sea surface, then give rise to the decrease of peak power about delay waveforms as well as decline rate of the trail edges of the normalized waveforms. With the increase of directionality variables, the scattering power will become larger because the small-scale waves decrease, leading to the reality that the tensity of diffuse scattering power become lower and it is more difficult to inverse the wind speed within the condition of larger directional variables. The conclusions mentioned above can provide a forceful foundation in the application of analyzing experimental DDM and waveform data, comparing situ DDM data with simulated DDM and waveform, locating the sea surface objects as well as SAR imaging.