Strong Electromagnetic Pulse Interference Loading Method on Electrical Equipment under Operation State

Power equipment displays notable variations in port characteristics, resulting in pronounced waveform distortion during High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) effect tests, along with low coupling efficiency. Moreover, the equipment operates at elevated voltages, posing a risk of test system failures during powered testing. Presently, there are no established methodologies or testing platforms for conducting HEMP effect tests on power equipment, either domestically or internationally. This paper comprehensively explores the physical interaction processes between the power system and the HEMP current injection test system. It introduces a pulse interference loading method based on the concept of equivalent "zero potential," which effectively addresses the challenge of the pulse source’s internal circuit insulation not being able to withstand high-frequency voltages and power capacity. Moreover, it enables the precise phase loading of nanosecond pulses onto millisecond-level power frequency signals, as well as efficient coupling between the pulse source output and power equipment. This method facilitates the acquisition of phenomena and threshold data related to the electromagnetic pulse effects on power equipment under real-world operating conditions.