Marine Wireless Communication Channel Propagation Loss Model in Rough Sea Environment Based on Wind Speed and Direction Parameters

Electromagnetic signal propagation at sea is complex, random, and subject to multiple influences such as reflections from the seawater surface and the temperature and salinity of the water. Existing models of electromagnetic propagation at sea have not yet fully and systematically integrated the effects of the above factors. In this paper, we analyze the influencing factors of electromagnetic propagation, and construct a propagation loss model for the offshore electromagnetic environment and a rough sea surface model based on wind speed and direction. The electromagnetic spectrum data is collected using the control variable method, and the influence of wind speed and direction temperature, humidity, salinity, etc. on the attenuation of electromagnetic propagation loss at sea is obtained by organizing and analyzing the collected data to generate the electromagnetic propagation decay curve. The results of fitting the measured data to the propagation model show that all the proposed factors have an impact on electromagnetic propagation at sea.