Simulation of a Fractal Peano Antenna with a Metamaterial Surface

This paper explores two techniques for miniaturizing antennas: fractal geometry and the use of metamaterials. The Peano fractal antenna is combined with a metamaterial layer, which consists of a periodic array of splitring resonators. The Peano geometry is applied to a microstrip patch antenna with a base square patch measuring 29.8*29.8 mm
²
, and the substrate is made of FR-4. The antenna's performance was simulated using Ansys HFSS software and the Finite Element Method. The research shows that fractal geometry imparts multiband properties of the antenna, while the metamaterial enhances characteristics such as gain and directivity. The results indicate that the proposed antenna can operate on three frequencies 2.1 GHz, 4.0 GHz, 4.6 GHz with a maximum gain of 9.7 dB.