A Smart Irrigation System Powered by IoT and Machine Learning for Optimal Water Management

In this innovative quest for more efficient irrigation, we investigate the combined use of sensor technology and machine intelligence to optimise agricultural water usage. We collect precise data on essential variables, including water flow, temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and water level, every 15 days by promptly deploying sensors in the field to monitor them in real-time. We use the vast amount of data available to us to train machine learning models, including Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), specifically for streams that are anticipated to have a certain distribution. CNN has exceptional precision with a decoding accuracy of 94.5% in visual signal interpretation, surpassing ANN, KNN, and RNN which achieve lower accuracies of 91.1%, 88.7%, and 83.6% respectively. Our investigation uncovers a fluid interaction between sensor data and model training, leading to each model exhibiting unique characteristics. These findings not only showease the accuracy with which machine learning can distribute water, but they also signify a noteworthy progress in resource-efficient and sustainable agriculture. In addition to generating mathematical discoveries, our research establishes the foundation for advanced irrigation systems that smoothly integrate mechanical and natural processes in agricultural fields.