RISC-V SoC with NTT-Blackbox for CRYSTALS-Kyber Post-Quantum Cryptography

The number theoretic transform (NTT) has made the computational process much faster in lattice-based postquantum cryptography algorithms, but polynomial multiplication is still the bottleneck of the process. RISC-V was introduced and demonstrated its advantages through flexibility in the instruction set architecture. This paper proposed a RISC-V SoC architecture with NTT-Blackbox that accelerates the computing capabilities of software programs running on SoCs, applied to the Kyber algorithm. The results show that the proposed architecture has improved speed from $71.5 \%$ to $\mathbf{9 9 . 3 \%}$ compared to software programs running on other RISC-V SoCs.