Spatial and Temporal Change Monitoring of Wetland Urban Ecology Based on a Remote Sensing Ecological Index Considering Full Elements

Influenced by the exploitation of natural resources and industrialization, ecological and environmental problems have become increasingly severe worldwide, particularly in rapidly developing countries such as China. This study utilizes Earth observation satellite data to monitor changes in ecological environment quality of the Wuhan Urban Development Zone (WUDZ) from 2000 to 2020, employing the remote sensing ecological index considering full elements. By incorporating water bodies into the calculation through the entropy weight method and moving window, this approach takes into account the benefits of water elements on the overall ecological environment (EE). The results indicate the following: 1) from 2000 to 2020, the overall EE of WUDZ exhibited an initial improvement followed by a subsequent decline, with minor fluctuations. 2) The EE of WUDZ is dominated by greenness and dryness. The central and main urban areas have poorer ecological environment quality compared to the urban development area, while remote suburban areas experience gradual deterioration as progression of urbanization. 3) The primary driving factors for ecological environment quality changes in WUDZ are increased urbanization and lake resource erosion. This study provides a quantitative method for the temporal monitoring of wetland urban EE, and provides a scientific basis for the rational formulation of policies and planning for the development of lake ecological space and the restriction of urban construction space.