Inductive Loop Operation Versus Loop Antenna for Partial Discharge Detection

This article delves into the application and efficacy of planar loop sensors for detecting partial discharge (PD) phenomena. The preference for loop sensors in PD detection stems from their simple design, non-destructive testing feature, and contactless characteristics. The paper explores both experimental and finite element modeling (FEM) approaches to evaluate the performance of distinct planar square spiral sensors in PD detection. The primary objective of the study is to compare inductive loops with loop antennas by varying the geometric parameters to achieve each approach. Two single-turn square loop antennas were designed, with a circumference of 30 cm and 75 cm, and compared with four multi-turn square inductive loops with an exterior side of 31.2 mm and varying geometric parameters. The figures of merit of all sensors, such as inductance, quality factor, and resonant frequency, are extracted through measurement and simulation to identify the most influential parameter that maximizes the sensing capability toward PD.