Investigating and Applying Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing with Index Modulation

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing with Index Modulation (OFDM-IM) has emerged as a remarkable modulation technique, combining OFDM and index modulation to achieve high spectral efficiency in wireless communication. Its application spans various fields, including advanced 5G technology, synchronous wireless information, and non-orthogonal multiple access technology. This study explores OFDM-IM, analyzing its theories, system properties, applications, and challenges. Initially, we define and explore OFDM and OFDM-IM systems, focusing on their components and operating principles. Following this, we delve into two analytical approaches for the OFDM-IM system - mathematical and simulation analysis. Our findings reveal that the OFDM-IM system surpasses the basic OFDM system in bit error rate performance and frequency offset resistance. We also discuss recent applications of OFDM-IM, including its use in energy-efficient 5G networks and millimeter wave communication. In understanding these systems' challenges, we highlight potential future optimizations, such as the integration of OFDM-IM with deep learning and Permutation-mode OFDM-IM. Finally, we summarize our research and acknowledge its limitations. This work provides a comprehensive overview and future direction for the study of OFDM-IM systems.