Reducing CO₂ Emissions of a Primary School: Assessing Solutions in Lighting, Heating, Insulation, and Windows - A Case Study

Many schools in Serbia face a common challenge: inadequate insulation, leading to heightened energy consumption on an individual scale. Compounding this issue is the prevalent use of coal-fired boilers, which contribute significantly to carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and place a considerable environmental burden on the country. However, through targeted renovation efforts, schools not only enhance their aesthetic appeal but also achieve substantial reductions in energy consumption. Noteworthy examples include a reduction from 140.1 kWh/m2 annually to a commendable 57.1 kWh/m2 annually. This study rigorously analyzed 256 combinations, encompassing external wall insulation, roof insulation, window replacement, lighting modifications, and boiler upgrades. Such findings emphasize the imperative of adopting sustainable practices within educational institutions, fostering environmental stewardship, and advancing eco-consciousness. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive analysis of a wide range of renovation combinations, including insulation, heating, and lighting, which allows for a detailed assessment of different scenarios for energy savings and CO₂ emissions reduction. The study's results contribute archival value, providing a foundation for future improvements and analyses in the field of energy efficiency in schools. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate how various renovation strategies can significantly reduce energy consumption and CO₂ emissions in schools, contributing to a more sustainable education system and environmental conservation.