Potential for EV Chargers and PV Power Plant Integration in the Parking Lot Based on the Estimated EV Demand

The number of electric vehicles (EVs) on the roads is on the rise and at the same time, there is increasing demand for EV chargers. There is a strong potential of installing EV chargers in parking lots of retails and this potential is investigated in this paper. The total number of parked cars is estimated according to the number of visits to the selected location and then the number of EVs is estimated for different shares of EVs in the total number of parked cars. There is also potential for the integration of a photovoltaic (PV) power plant in the parking lot which in addition to contributing to the reduction of electricity demand and electricity cost, protects parked cars from different weather conditions. Two case studies are analyzed, integration of EV chargers and integration of EV chargers with a PV power plant. Estimation of electricity demand, profit, EV charging capacity utilization, and the share of PV generation used for supplying EV chargers is done for shares of EVs from 1 to 5 %. When 1 % of parked cars are EVs, the highest profit is 6,915.51 EUR with 1 EV charger which is in use 80 % of the time. When the share of EVs is 5 %, the highest profit is 62,113.92 EUR with 9 EV chargers which are in use 78 % of the time.