Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart Grids: A Review

This review paper examines the integration and impact of the Internet of Things (IoT) in smart grid technology, focusing on key implementations across the energy sector. These include advanced metering infrastructure, power transmission and distribution monitoring, and energy theft detection. The paper emphasizes the role of the Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things (UPIoT) in improving grid observability and controllability, and discusses advancements in machine-to-machine communication architectures that optimize metering infrastructure. Additionally, it explores the use of long-range wireless protocols for efficient data transmission within power distribution networks. The challenges and potential solutions for integrating IoT with smart home and building systems are also addressed, highlighting the innovative ’last-meter’ concept for customer-centric smart grid applications. Through case studies and experimental results, the paper provides detailed insights into how IoT technologies can revolutionize smart grid systems, enhancing their efficiency, reliability, and sustainability.