Preferred Configurations of Renewable Energy Communities: Insights from In-Depth Interviews

The study investigates Renewable Energy Communities (RECs), focusing on their potential in Poland through digital technology-enabled local energy initiatives. It examines three REC models: peer-to-peer energy trading, shared renewable energy source installation, and demand-side response, to identify incentives and barriers to participation. Conducted in 2023, the research involved 30 in-depth interviews with Polish experts and current or potential prosumers. Key findings indicate that certain incentives and barriers for REC participation are universal, including financial benefits, need for legal clarity, and REC's complexity. The study uncovers specific strengths and weaknesses of each REC configuration and the factors considered important by respondents in choosing REC model. This research offers insights into the social dynamics surrounding REC configurations in Poland, providing valuable information to policymakers and stakeholders on the development and implementation of effective REC models conducive to a sustainable energy transition.