In-Vehicle Camera Sensing: Hardware, Urban Applications and Research Trends

Nowadays, camera technology is a common reality in the automobile industry, enabling functionalities that enhance the safety of vehicles and the understanding of the surrounding urban landscape. Such cameras can be integrated in various ways and for diverse purposes, paving the way for impressive transformation in mobility services. This paper delves into the vast realm of in-vehicle camera technology, tracing its evolution until the supporting of advanced driver assistance systems and as sources of important visual data of cities. We will examine different applications, including the presence of dashcams and the empowerment of self-driving cars through visual processing, unveiling the indispensable role of in-vehicle cameras for the evolving smart urban scenarios.