The Unfinished Journey of LED Bulbs: Why Reliability Studies on Operational Stage Must Continue

As the most popular artificial lighting sources, light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs have revolutionized the lighting industry with their energy efficiency and longevity, quickly becoming the preferred choice over traditional incandescent and fluorescent bulbs (
Figure 1
). The rapid adoption of LEDs has been driven by their promise of lower energy consumption and reduced environmental impact. This is why LED bulb packaging prominently highlights information not only about electricity consumption but also comparisons with traditional bulbs, giving customers a clear understanding of the long-term savings and durability of LED bulbs (
Figure 2
).