Attributes of a Blockchain-Based Halal Tracking and Tracing System: A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach

Technology reduces uncertainty in the supply chain, including halal products involving sheer activities such as transportation, storage, and material handling. One of the technology tools is the halal product tracking and tracing system, which helps a company identify the movement of its products and facilitates the exchange of data, information, and financial flows. Tracking refers to an action to monitor and control movements in each business chain, while a tracing system is defined as the scanning of a process. Although previous studies have successfully identified the mechanism, the attributes required to implement a blockchain-based tracking and tracing system for halal products still need to be examined. This paper investigates the weight of the attributes of blockchain-based halal tracking and tracing systems. By developing a case study in Indonesia, the country with the largest Muslim population, this study uses the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to estimate the weight of 15 attributes by pairwise comparisons, based on decision-maker preferences. This paper demonstrates the ranking of the 15 attributes of a halal tracking and tracing system. It contributes to implementing blockchain for halal products, which helps the stakeholders develop the infrastructure.