Comparative Performance Analysis of Buck-Boost, SEPIC and Zeta Converters for Active Cell Balancing in EV Batteries

Improved optimization of the battery pack’s total capacity is made possible by using balancing cells. This mechanism guarantees that each cell within the battery is protected from excessive charging or discharging, hence optimizing the battery’s energy utilization and mitigating the risk of premature degradation in certain cells. Active cell balancing is a technique employed to uphold secure operational circumstances, hence mitigating the likelihood of cell degradation and associated fire-related perils. Converters play a crucial role in active cell balancing because they can actively control voltages, facilitate energy transfer, and seamlessly connect with the battery management system (BMS), enabling optimum and balanced cell performance. The performance of three well-known DC-DC converter topologies-Buck-Boost, Single-Ended Primary Inverter Converter (SEPIC), and Zeta converters-is examined academically in this article. These converters are utilized for active cell balancing in electric vehicles. The objective is to evaluate the efficiency, efficacy in maintaining cell voltage equilibrium, and suitability for improving the overall performance of battery systems in electric vehicles