Performance Analysis of NOMA-Based VLC System in Different IoT Network Environments

This article analyses the performance of a power-domain nonorthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA)-based visible light communication (VLC) system in the Internet of Things (IoT) network. It specifically investigates the various VLC system channel models in indoor and outdoor IoT network settings. To enhance the existing analysis of the PD-NOMA-based VLC system performance, this study first analyses the distribution function of the received signals and the system noise in real-world environments. Second, it explores the impact of environmental noise on the system’s bit error rate (BER) under indoor Gaussian channels and derives the theoretical BER formulas for both the indoor and outdoor settings. Finally, theoretical symbol error rate (SER) formulas are derived for the three-device PD-NOMA-VLC system in both the indoor and outdoor environments. Numerical simulations demonstrate a close match between the theoretical analysis and simulation results, particularly in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions.