Construction of a two-layer model for vehicle path planning and its solution by hybrid optimisation algorithm

In order to solve the vehicle path planning problem, a two-layer model of vehicle path planning and traffic flow distribution is constructed. The upper layer model is a vehicle path planning model based on multiple distribution centres, which calculates the vehicle path with the minimum total distribution time. The lower model is the traffic flow allocation model based on the principle of system optimality. The results obtained by the upper layer model will change the travelling data in the lower layer model, and the calculated data of the lower layer model will also affect the roadway travelling time in the upper layer model, so that more realistic path planning distribution paths can be obtained through the interaction relationship between the upper and lower layer models. In order to improve the convergence and distribution of the multi-objective optimisation algorithm, a hybrid jumping spider algorithm and snake algorithm are proposed. The validation results with examples show that the results obtained from the two-layer model are more in line with the real travelling situation and achieve the balance between distance and time.