Beamforming Technique for Terahertz Massive MIMO System Aided by Holographic Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces using Approximate Message Passing

In the rising landscape of 5G technology, the surge in device proliferation and population growth heralds a massive increase in expected users. To harness the full potential of this expansion, we propose a novel approach integrating Terahertz (THz) technology with Massive MIMO (Multiple-input and Multiple-output) systems, bolstered by Holographic Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS). This innovation aims to amplify data rates while mitigating the high-power consumption inherent in conventional methods. Our methodology prioritizes adaptability, addressing the dynamic nature of user mobility and channel variability by leveraging reconfigurable channels facilitated by RIS. By harnessing shorter wavelengths enabled by THz frequencies, we not only enhance data transmission efficiency but also circumvent the need for longer wavelengths, thereby reducing power consumption. To optimize system performance further, we employ a sum rate maximization holographic beamforming algorithm, tailored to minimize power consumption while maximizing throughput. Additionally, we tackle the challenge of high interference by meticulously designing beamforming vectors. Our approach unfolds in two stages: first, the design of a Terahertz Massive MIMO system, and second, the prediction of RIS channels utilizing the Approximate Message Passing (AMP) technique.