Energy Efficient Transmission and Fault Tolerance in WSN-Based IoT Network using HS-EDEEC and Probability Based Approach

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) must be designed with fault tolerance (FT) in mind to ensure consistent performance, despite faults in individual nodes or the network. Managing a WSN significantly differs from traditional data networks, highlighting the importance of fault detection to achieve fault tolerance. By identifying and locating failures, nodes that rely on the shortest path-even if it includes a failed node-can be recovered. Faults are common in WSNs and can disrupt network topology, rendering previously calculated paths obsolete. Identifying faulty nodes and performing route maintenance is crucial for maximizing the network's lifespan. This article presents a Fault Detection (FD) mechanism protocol that employs an optimization method. The protocol selects and optimizes route replies to detect faults and assigns a probability value to the shortest path. The goal is to enhance network performance and achieve high transmission rates in IoT communications. The HS-EDEEC protocol is implemented and evaluated using MATLAB, considering parameters such as Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Delay, and energy consumption. The outcomes demonstrate the superiority of the HS-EDEEC protocol compared to existing EFT-PMD and FTACORP protocols. The proposed HS-EDEEC protocol offers improved network performance compared to alternative protocols, contributing to the advancement of fault-tolerant WSNs in IoT applications.