Coco Peat Soil Monitoring System with Power Management in Wireless Sensor Network

In the Philippines, agriculture plays a necessary role in generating employment and supporting exports. However, the high costs associated with agricultural technology, especially soil monitoring, often result in neglect. This study implements a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to monitor Coco Peat Soil in Onion seedling plots to enhance agricultural productivity. The system has multiple nodes with different sensors, such as light intensity, temperature, humidity, NPK, and soil moisture, wirelessly transmitting data to a Central Node. The research focuses on power management by integrating wireless nodes into the Coco Peat Soil monitoring system. This optimization is achieved by utilizing the sleep modes (Modem, Light, and Deep Sleep) provided by the ESP8266 microcontroller. A comparative analysis involves each sleep mode against Base values, where nodes transmit data every 10 minutes, and In-Demand values, where data is sent only upon reaching a predetermined threshold. Findings show significant energy savings, with the Soil Node system conserving approximately 13.8371%, 46.7669%, and 54.8323% of energy for Modem, Light, and Deep Sleep Modes, respectively. Similarly, the Environment Node system demonstrates savings of about 0.7675%, 8.8396%, and 14.0281% for the corresponding sleep modes.