Strategies of Multiple Charging Operators in a Distribution Network under Cooperative Game Theory

To alleviate the load pressure on the distribution network while enhancing the revenue of multiple operators, this paper proposes a pricing strategy for multiple charging operators in a distribution network under cooperative game theory. The paper first introduces the cooperative relationships among multiple charging operators and the mechanism of forming alliances, emphasizing the central role of the cloud platform as a centralized system in real-time monitoring and managing the grid load. Subsequently, by establishing a mathematical model, the paper delves into the cooperative alliances among operators, introducing a novel cooperative game model. The paper then thoroughly explores dynamic pricing strategies under cooperative game models. In this context, the cooperative alliances of multiple operators allocate the cooperative gains based on the Shapley value, providing an exhaustive explanation of the pricing process among operators. Simulation examples demonstrate that the proposed pricing strategy effectively coordinates the electric capacity of multiple charging stations in the distribution network, achieving long-term electricity balance while considering the revenue of multiple operators and the charging demands of users.