Comparative Design and Analysis of Multimodal VR Simulations for IV Needle Insertion Training

This study introduces a novel Haptic Virtual Reality (HVR) simulator for intravenous (IV) needle insertion training, aiming to enhance traditional methods like manikins. Developed using a Meta Quest 2 headset, it incorporates two haptic devices: a haptic glove (SenseGlove Nova) for stabilization and a haptic stylus (Geomagic Touch) for needle insertion simulation, all integrated within Unity. A second prototype using a VR touch controller was created for user performance comparison. Both prototypes provide immersive experiences for hand-eye coordination and psychomotor skills. An evaluation experiment with 23 nursing students compared the systems to a previously developed Haptic Mixed Reality (HMR) version. Over three weeks, with three 10-minute training sessions, improvements in success rates and confidence were observed. The study included a Task Load Index assessment, indicating a manageable workload. Results suggest the HVR IV needle insertion simulator's potential to enhance nursing education.