Mitigation of Distribution Transformer Overloading with Rolling-Horizon Optimization of Vehicle-to-Grid Resource

Electric vehicles (EVs) play a crucial role in the global transition to low-carbon and clean energy. Large amounts of uncontrolled EVs charging can cause short-term overloading problems with distribution transformers in some areas. EVs as a mobile energy storage component with Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) capability can provide a solution to alleviate the overloading and aging problems of distribution transformers. This paper comprehensively considers the charging and discharging losses of EVs and the peak load of distribution transformers, with the constraint of EVs’ own charging and discharging demands. The rolling-horizon optimization is employed to solve the model, which can adapt to dynamic changes in load conditions and provide rapid solutions. In this paper, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified and the loads exceeding the capacity of the transformer are successfully shifted to other times and the charging needs of the users participating in the V2G program are met.