Preserve the Medical Data using Secure Partially Homomorphic Encryption with Blockchain Technology in Smart Healthcare

Healthcare information is vital for both individuals and service providers, necessitating secure sharing and maintenance of electronic healthcare records (EHR). Traditional EHR systems have relied on centralized architectures, such as the cloud, which may expose sensitive information to undisclosed intelligence. However, these systems have struggled to address the diverse needs of stakeholders while ensuring separation, security, and compliance with legal requirements. Blockchain technology offers a decentralized and distributed ledger system, providing secure, verifiable, and immutable data transfer capabilities. By employing cryptographic techniques like hashes, blockchain eliminates the need for a central authority, making data exploitation challenging and evident. This study proposes a blockchainbased architecture utilizing the Proof of Stake (POS) consensus mechanism to authenticate user identities and facilitate secure EHR exchange across multiple healthcare systems. Additionally, to enhance data security, Secure Partially Homomorphic Encryption (SPHE) is recommended for outsourced data, enabling users to perform operations on encrypted data. The proposed technique surpasses alternatives in terms of energy efficiency, authenticity, and protection of medical data.