An Empirical Analysis of Load Balancing Issues in Fog Computing Environment

Fog Computing (FC) is a distributed paradigm that complements cloud computing in terms of service delivery. By extending storage and computation of the network edge, fog systems enable location awareness and mobility support, while also resolving the issue of service computing for delay-sensitive applications. A crucial component of fog networks is load balancing, which prevents fog nodes from becoming under or overloaded. In recent years, only a limited number of studies have been conducted on load-balancing methods in fog networks. This paper provides a thorough assessment of the load-balancing techniques used in fog computing, covering approximate, accurate, fundamental, and hybrid methods. This paper also examines load balancing metrics in fog networks, including all benefits and drawbacks associated with the selected load balancing algorithms. The evaluation methods considered for each study are investigated. Additionally, the primary unresolved issues and potential developments for these systems are discussed.