Decentralized Spectrum Sharing Networks Based on Blockchains

The dynamic spectrum sharing technology in cognitive radio can effectively improve the utilization rate of spectrum and relieve the current spectrum pressure. To realize spectrum sharing without trust between SUs and PUs belonging to various operators, a decentralized spectrum sharing scheme based on blockchain is proposed in this paper. A latency model and a decentralization degree model of blockchain-enabled spectrum sharing network are formulated. Network scale law in this paper is defined as the change law of structure and scale in a network. Based on the proposed decentralization degree and latency model, the scale law of blockchain networks under the constraints of latency and decentralization is studied. The simulation analyzes the change of the proportion of consensus nodes in the blockchain network with different requirements for latency and decentralization. The results show that when blockchain networks have both low latency and decentralization characteristics, the upper limit of the total number of nodes is 390, and the value range of the proportion of consensus nodes is between 0.13 and 0.56.