Statistical Modeling of Scenario-Based Indoor WBAN Channels

This article presents a parametric statistical path loss (PL) model for wireless body area network (WBAN) communications in the context of a scenario-based approach for indoor environments. One of the specificities of WBANs is their numerous sources of variability (subject motion and morphology, antennas, local environment, and so on). We focus here on the influence of the environment, in the case of empty rooms. The model, developed for the first ultra wide band (UWB) sub-band (
$B =$
[3.1, 4.8] GHz), takes into account the sizes of the rooms (assumed to be parallelepipedic and empty) and the wall characteristics (via an average reflectivity coefficient). They also involve an elaborate categorization of environments. The following methodology was implemented, to avoid time-consuming and complex experimental campaigns while still having a relatively representative and sufficient number of statistical samples: first, a simplified ray tracing (RT) code enabled a large number of different rooms to be sampled at moderate computational cost; second, part of these simulations was supported by anechoic chamber measurements; and third, the simulations were carried out using elaborate experimental designs (EDs), based on a categorization of environments and a fairly comprehensive study of building industry data. The parametric PL models obtained significantly reduce their variance.