Enhancing Space-Based Situational Awareness: Real-Time Observation of Dynamic Targets With Meta-Cooperative-Scheduling Net

Due to the characteristic of fast response, strong pointing ability, and high stability of agile satellites, the space-based situational awareness system composed of agile satellites can enable real-time relay observation of dynamic targets and support early warning of space threats. In order to improve the early warning capability of the constellation for multiple dynamic noncooperative targets and the adaptability in different scheduling scenarios, the cooperative multisatellite scheduling with the pointer network and meta-learning for online optimization is proposed to address the coordinated observation of multiple dynamic targets with online optimization challenges. Specifically, the proposed model with a simplified encoder–decoder structure focuses on enhancing the efficiency of the cooperative scheduling strategy by designing a continuous relay scheduling framework and an improved reinforcement-learning-based policy optimization method with double-critic networks. Moreover, a meta-reinforcement-learning-based increment improving method is designed for continuous adaptability in the fresh scheduling scenario. Ablation and comparative experiments are verified to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed cooperative scheduling model.