A Literature Survey and Analysis of Defending Cyber Attacks Targeting IoT in Critical Infrastructure

In an era defined by the relentless advancement of technology, the critical infrastructure that sustains our daily lives has become increasingly reliant on complex digital systems like Internet of Things (IoT). While these complex digital systems have brought convenience and efficiency to critical infrastructure, they have also become prime targets for malicious parties seeking to exploit vulnerabilities, raising concerns across vital sectors like energy, healthcare, transportation, and beyond. Through systematic literature review, historical incident analysis, and examination of recent attacks, this paper aims to deepen our understanding of the evolving threat landscape, emphasizing the urgency of strengthening defenses, particularly in the IoT realm to secure the foundations of modern society. This literature survey encompasses a spectrum of defending technologies and methodologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based defenses, and anomaly-based intrusion detection systems. Analyzing variations techniques and evaluates their efficiency and complexity.