Large Language Models in Education: A Systematic Review

Large Language Models (LLMs) refer to a type of generative artificial intelligence model that produces responses to natural language input. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current application status of LLMs in the field of education through a systematic review of the literature. Data were sourced from three databases: Web of Science, ERIC, and Google Scholar. The study includes 94 documents, analyzed from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. The results show that large language models have great potential in the field of education, specifically in generating medical content, serving as an English learning assistant, assisting academic research, and evaluating the quality of tests, etc. However, there are still potential dangers such as hindering the development of critical thinking, creating academic integrity crises, and ethical and moral challenges. These findings showed the current application status of LLMs in education, laying the groundwork to inspire future research.