Analytical Hierarchy Process-Based Material Selection for Fiber Reinforcement of Polylactic Acid 3D Printing Biofilament

To address concerns of plastic waste brought about by 3D printing, biodegradable biofilaments like polylactic acid (PLA) have emerged as eco-friendly alternatives. However, the mechanical properties of these biofilaments can still be improved through further reinforcement. In the Philippines, there are many local fibers that can be used for this such as abaca, jute, and bananas. However, little research has been done on which fiber material best fits 3D printing applications. This study aimed to develop an analytical hierarchical process-based material selection for fiber reinforcement of PLA 3D printing biofilament. Specifically, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was utilized in determining the most suitable fiber among abaca, jute, and banana for fiber reinforcement of PLA 3D printing biofilament, based on its mechanical properties and environmental impact. Results showed that mechanical properties weighed more than environmental impact. All three sub-criteria under mechanical properties also outweighed the three sub-criteria under environmental impact. Another key result from this study is that abaca fiber held the most weight among the three alternatives under all six sub-criteria. It was concluded that abaca fiber is the most suitable and acceptable material as the fiber reinforcement of a PLA 3D printing biofilament, followed by banana fiber as the second alternative.