PID Tuning of Speed Controller Using Ziegler-Nichols and Manual Method DC Motor

One of the most used components in the industry is the DC motor and its utilization has been constantly increasing for the relative simplicity of how it can be controlled. These are typically supplemented with PID controllers with the capability for error modeling. With the variety of means to tune DC motors, there has also been a general issue regarding stability and performance as it varies from one application to another. The general objective of the research is to model a DC motor using the the Ziegler-Nichols method of PID controller tuning along with a manual method of fine-tuning with the specific requirements set for an overshoot of at most, 5%, a rise time that is less than 0.01 seconds, and the settling time did not exceed 1.5 seconds. For this specific application, the study shows that among the control types classic, some overshoot, and no overshoot, some overshoot exhibited the best response; but overall, none had been able to satisfy the requirements. With this, manual fine-tuning was conducted to hit those required parameters. Simulation results of the PID control of the DC motor with gears showed that the measured values of the system were able to meet the objectives in terms of achieving the behavior of the system that is expected after fine-tuning it manually from Ziegler-Nichols. The results obtained from the simulation had a rise time, settling time, and overshoot of 0.0989, 1.2491, and 4.8104 respectively.