Solar Photocatalytic Reactor Design for the Degradation of Methylene Blue in Water Using Biochar-Supported $\text{Ti}{{\mathrm{O}}_2}$-Based Nanocomposites

Water is a resource that all living things require, especially humans. Water contamination is prevalent worldwide due to progress and rapid industrialization. This study aims to conceptualize a low-cost and straightforward to install solar photocatalytic reactor (PCR) prototype for the degradation of Methylene Blue (DMB), one of the contaminants released into water resources, with the aid of Biochar and Titanium Dioxide as nano catalysts and assess its efficiency. A
$3{\text{mL}}$
sample was collected before the start of the experiment, another
$3{\text{mL}}$
sample from an unilluminated setting, and a
$3{\text{mL}}$
sample at the end of the 2-hour photocatalytic investigation. The samples were processed and observed from an external laboratory. Results showed a
$90.53{\%}$
adsorption efficiency rate, a
$1.1{\%}$
and
$9.9\%$
difference from another study that utilized the same contaminant and time duration, and a
$0.0196/\min$
degradation rate. Based on this result, it was assessed that the proposed photoreactor was solar adsorption efficient and had a photodegradation potential to reduce the Methylene Blue (MB) contaminant.