The Parallel Scheduling Vehicle Routing Problem for Multimodal Package Delivery*

This study introduces a novel model known as the Parallel Scheduling Vehicle Routing Problem (PSVRP) in an endeavor to revolutionize package delivery by enhancing its efficiency, accessibility, and cost-effectiveness. The PSVRP represents a state-of-the-art approach to vehicle routing problems, incorporating a diversified fleet of innovative delivery modes. The multi-modal fleet of electric vans, ADVs, drones, and truck-drone systems works in unison to minimize operational costs in various settings. The model can also be adapted to different scenarios, such as variations in customer numbers and package weights, by strategically deploying the most suitable mode of transport.