Dataset Dependency of Data-Driven ML Techniques in Pattern Prediction Under Mutual Coupling

This paper examines how training data affects machine learning-assisted antenna pattern prediction under mutual coupling. For demonstration, a neural network-based approach is used to predict the embedded pattern of a central patch antenna element near randomly distributed patches. It is shown that when the full-wave simulated dataset size is excessively reduced, the high prediction error in the validation set may become a critical issue. Maintaining sufficient accuracy in pattern prediction with a relatively small dataset remains an open challenge.