Analysis of the Design of Broadband Horn Antennas Based on the Vivaldi Antenna

The paper reviews the current state of the field of broadband horn antennas design. The main design features of most antennas of this type are the presence of two matching ribs embedded in the aperture after some straight section. Various horn shapes predominate in many works, the standard ones for the most popular 1-18 GHz operating frequency range being the pyramidal and the periodic side-wall horn. The coaxial- waveguide junction (CWJ) has many designs and is an especially important element of all antenna designs. The standard design of the CWJ and cavity - a rectangular cavity with two straight sections inserted inside - is not popular because it does not have a wide operating frequency bandwidth and also negatively affects the types of directional patterns. Inside the horn, often in the space between the matching edges, at their ends, you can see a variety of lenses that improve the appearance of directional patterns in the high-frequency range. The dependence associated with the fact that non-standard structures (with matching elements built inside) of the cavity usually have a wider operating frequency bandwidth, while, as it was found out, it is also strongly influenced, but to a lesser extent, by the design of matching edges and the design of the horn itself.