A Novel Bipolar Coil with Interoperability and Misalignment Tolerance for EVs Wireless Power Charging

Electric vehicles (EVs) wireless charging systems have several different coil types, and each coil type may not be compatible with the others, leading to interoperability issues. Additionally, misalignment may occur between the transmitter and receiver during parking. The interoperability and misalignment tolerance problems of wireless charging for EVs need to be addressed. To solve these problems, a novel asymmetrical bipolar coil structure with interoperability and misalignment tolerance is proposed. The proposed coil structure is further obtained by stacking the unipolar, horizontal bipolar, and vertical bipolar in positive position. The optimum parameters of the coupling structure were finalized by finite element analysis (FEA). An experimental prototype was also fabricated to validate this proposal. The effectiveness of the proposed coil is verified through calculations, simulations, and experiments. The final overall transmission efficiencies obtained are all higher than 90%, regardless of the unipolar, horizontal bipolar, and vertical bipolar coil structures were the receiving coils.