Review of Carbon Emission Accounting in Typical Industry and Associated Emission Reduction Application

The use of fossil fuels has increased significantly since the Industrial Revolution, leading to a rise in CO
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emissions and causing environmental pollution and climate change. To combat global warming and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, efficient carbon accounting methods must be developed, especially in high-emission industries such as manufacturing, construction, and high-tech industries. China has set goals to peak carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060 by improving energy efficiency and upgrading industries. However, without a comprehensive national product carbon emission accounting database, the accuracy of carbon accounting will be challenged, which is crucial for governmental policy-making and corporate sustainability. It's also essential to develop a carbon accounting strategy for typical industries' products to achieve efficient carbon emission reduction. Various methods of Virtual power plants (VPPs) are being explored for carbon accounting integration and carbon emission management. This review synthesizes a multitude of studies in the field of carbon accounting and focuses on the construction of carbon emission databases in typical industries, and their significance in reinforcing efforts toward a sustainable and environmentally responsible future.