Hyperbolic DoA Estimation and Static Localization: Comparative Study of Bluetooth and RFID

This work presents a comparison between RFID and BLE regarding tag localization accuracy under static conditions, where both the antennas and the tag remain stationary. The comparison utilizes a hyperbolic localization technique based on phase differences, which introduces linear approximations of hyperbolas to calculate 3D direction of arrival (DoA) and estimate the tag's 3D position. However, this technique is highly sensitive to multipath noise. The spatial and frequency diversity in BLE aids in mitigating multipath issues, resulting in accurate estimations. In contrast, RFID lacks compatibility with such diversity. This comparison motivates the exploration of developing new algorithms that ensure consistent results for both technologies. Additionally, it suggests the possibility of merging BLE and RFID technologies into a single tag, minimizing energy consumption while also providing accurate localization estimates in static scenarios.