A Comparative Study of Rooftop and Ground-Mounted Solar PV Design in the UK and Indonesia

This study examines the technical and economic aspects of rooftop and ground-mounted solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in the United Kingdom (UK) and Indonesia. This report also analyses solar resources and examines the market design and policies that impacted the solar energy adoption. Each country has two PV System designs: rooftop installations in factories and open-field ground-mounted PV. This paper examines effectiveness, affordability, and sustainability in various geographic settings. It reveals that Indonesia produces more energy than the UK due to its solar energy potential, which causes considerable temperature losses. Results show UK initiatives perform marginally better. The legislation and selling price of solar energy in each country makes UK projects more profitable than Indonesian ones. PV systems in Indonesia are offsetting more CO2 emissions and shorter carbon balance compared to those in the UK. Every PV system design has unique features that offer valuable insights for stakeholders in both countries seeking to harness solar energy effectively.