Design an OAM Reconfigurable Printed Antenna for Wireless Applications

The antenna introduced here describes the design of a printed antenna that is capable of generating multiple orbital angular momenta (OAM) modes. The patch consists of dual concentric rings fed by a hybrid coupler with a cylindrical slot between the top and bottom layers. The configuration of the antenna can be easily designed with reduced size compared to other designs with more OAM states. Four SMA adapters have been engaged and activated correctly to produce several modes. The proposed antenna functions at 2.8 GHz, 3.12 GHz, and 3.52 GHz which generates OAM modes of (ℓ = ±1, ±2). Results display that the multi-OAM modes have good vortex phase properties. The maximum gain is 3.24 dB, and the overall bandwidth is 950 MHz. The proposed OAM antenna has a promising prospect in 5G wireless communications.