Strategies for Optimizing Underwater Optical Wireless Communication via Encoding and Detection Techniques

Underwater Optical Wireless Communication (UWOC) faces challenges from scattering, absorption, and turbulence, impairing data transmission. This study introduces spatial diversity in Underwater Optical Wireless Communication (UWOC) to mitigate turbulence-induced fading. It analyzes Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems using Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Comparative analysis of BER for different coding methods reveals the superiority of Space-time block coding (STBC) over Repetition coding and Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) detection over Maximum Likelihood (ML) detection. The channel impulse response includes absorption and scattering for realistic representation. Comparative analysis of MIMO, MISO, and SISO links provides insights into their performance in underwater optical communication. MIMO configuration demonstrates the lowest Bit Error Rates (BER) and resilience against fading and limited SNR conditions.