A Hybrid Approach to Balance Lithium-ion Cells by Implementing SoC Using Kalman Filter

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are vital for electrical vehicles (EVs) and microgrids, ensuring uninterrupted power. Safe and optimal use requires a battery management system (BMS) for monitoring, balancing, and protection of battery packs. The conventional designs employ energy loss techniques for power balancing and rely on voltage to measure the energy level of the cells. The proposed approach integrates the state-of-charge (SoC) based balancing techniques with advanced Kalman filter algorithm to accurately measure the cell SoC and hybrid balancing methodologies to avoid energy losses. After experiment, the gathered results confirmed the effectiveness of this approach. This improves lifespan, efficiency, and overall energy storage efficiency by optimizing performance through advanced SoC based balancing. This hybrid method is the step towards an important for sustainable energy, presenting a novel and innovative solution.