Real Time Safety Monitoring System in Coal Mines Using IoT

This article presents a safety monitoring system for coal mines using the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed system comprises of an underground section and a ground section. NodeMCU-1 is responsible for monitoring underground conditions through various sensors, such as a methane gas sensor, an IR flame sensor, a Carbon monoxide (CO) sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor. Then this collected data is sent by NodeMCU-1 to the ground section via a wireless connection. NodeMCU-2 is responsible for sending alert messages through Telegram based on the readings of these sensors. The ground section, which can be a mobile device or PC, monitors the information from the underground section via a web page made using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript in real-time, with its server being NodeMCU-1. Additionally, Arduino UNO and RFID are incorporated into the underground system to bolster safety measures. The hardware and software for the system is designed and developed in view of the conditions in coal mines. Results are presented for safe and unsafe conditions based on the predefined threshold values of individual sensors. Threshold values are predetermined based on the actual values collected from a coal mine environment. Results indicate the proficiency of the system in detecting unsafe conditions promptly and alerting both officials and workers, facilitating swift responses. By seamlessly integrating wireless technology with an advanced alerting system, the proposed solution emerges as a smart and efficient tool to enhance safety in coal mines.