Enhancing Brain Stroke Risk Prediction with Multi-Algorithm Evaluation and Web Interface

Brain stroke is the world's leading cause of death, impacting numerous lives annually. The chances of having a stroke have increased by 50% over one's lifetime, impacting one in four people worldwide. Machine learning may assist in the prior detection of strokes, allowing for more timely diagnosis which can save a person's life and disability. However, existing methods face challenges in integrating ML models with clinical applications to predict patient stroke status with optimal accuracy. This study conducts a comprehensive investigation into brain stroke risk prediction using numerous ML algorithms, including Random Forest, Logistic Regression, KNN, Naive Bayes, XGBoost, and LightGBM. Our main contribution is the development of a web app that predicts stroke based on user inputs with optimal accuracy. The selected dataset contains 5110 records of normal people and 249 records of people having strokes which is highly imbalanced. To ensure model robustness, the dataset undergoes balancing through SMOTE oversampling and KNN Imputation for handling missing values. Custom thresholds for classifiers optimize training, with comprehensive evaluations utilizing key statistics such as confusion matrices, F1-Score, recall, accuracy, and precision. Cross-validation is employed to assess potential overfitting and underfitting risks in machine learning models. Random Forest ranked as the most imposing, reaching a remarkable 99.85% accuracy on the test set with a custom threshold of 0.6 and a random state at 42. Additionally, a user-friendly Web App has been developed to predict stroke status based on user input, enhancing practical usability and accessibility for individuals seeking risk assessments.