Augmenting Virtual Labs with Artificial Intelligence for Hybrid Learning

The shift towards online learning through websites has been instrumental in enhancing accessibility. However, while virtual labs have been promising in generating interactive simulations of science experiments, they fall short in delivering the dynamic and immersive experiences essential for effective learning, especially in computing education courses. Recognizing this challenge, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into virtual labs emerges as a promising solution to aid student learning. AI-augmented virtual labs can simulate real-world scenarios, providing students with hands-on experiences in a controlled and safe environment. This work explores the impact on student learning (with focus on user engagement, skill development, comprehension, retention, and overall experience) when integrating a virtual labs module with and without AI support. Student perspectives on the effectiveness and satisfaction with the learning modules were collected using surveys that probe not only the perceived improvement in learning outcomes, but also the subjective user experience and engagement levels. Additionally, user performance indicators, based on assessments/evaluations and discussions (within the virtual labs, with and without AI integration), serve as a measure of the students' skills development, comprehension, and knowledge retention. This approach provides an objective metric to evaluate the efficacy of each learning approach. Based on data from surveys, performance indicators, and feedback analysis, the study aims to draw comprehensive conclusions and suggest potential avenues of further inquiry, regarding the effectiveness of integrating virtual labs both with AI. This integration not only enhances the learning experience, but also fosters critical thinking and problem-solving skills in students. This innovative approach offers a distinctive combination of interactivity, adaptability, and versatility. The goal of this study is not to argue for AI supported virtual lab-based learning approaches, but rather, to give empirical information about its usefulness. The findings of this study will contribute to the ongoing discussion on innovative educational practices by providing useful insights into the possible benefits and challenges of adopting hybrid learning approaches powered by AI.