Large-Scale Grid Integration of Renewable Energy Sources: A Review State on Quality and Efficiency

Energy plays a vital role in the economic and industrial development of the world. As energy consumption and fuel prices have risen recently, many governments have supported renewable energy projects. However, the unpredictable nature of these resources creates new challenges for power grid operators. To ensure the efficient integration of renewable energy, it is crucial to analyze modern power systems to address these challenges. Developing such an energy system must guarantee security, stability, reliability, and quality of energy; therefore, two important elements must be present: renewable energies in a so-called hybrid system at the production level and an intelligent network at the management level. However, the large-scale integration of these types of distributed resources poses several challenges related to the uncertainties associated with the variability of these resources' production. In this review state paper, we focused on enhancing the integration quality of renewable energies within the electrical network. Various aspects merit detailed discussion. The following points outline some critical themes and perspectives to guide researchers and practitioners toward advancing the seamless incorporation of renewables into the energy grids.